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KMID : 1044720110010010020
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Journal of Lifestyle Medicine
2011 Volume.1 No. 1 p.20 ~ p.26
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Regulation of Myosin Independent Cell Migration by Cytoplasmic Dynein
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Kim Dae-Hwan
Rhee Sang-Myung
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Abstract
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Background: Cell migration has been considered being orchestrated processes by numerous signaling proteins and myosin, a molecular motor protein. However, recent evidences showed that the requirement of myosin activity for cell migration is cell-type and environment dependent. Rather, mesenchymal cell migration in 3D environment is promoted when myosin activity is decreased. Since it has proposed that the microtubule function is important for cell migration in 3D environments, we examined whether the microtubule dependent motor proteins could be a bona fide regulator in myosin independent cell migration.
Methods: To measure cell migration in 2D surface and 3D matrices, we performed the in vitro wound healing assay in plastic culture dishes and cell clumping assay in 3D collagen matrices, respectively. We suppressed the expression of target protein with siRNA to survey the function of microtubule motor protein.
Results: We found that EHNA, a dynein specific inhibitor, was able to decrease myosin independent cell migration in 2D planar surface and inhibit cell clumping in 3D matrices. Inhibition of dynein activity by EHNA did not affect on the dendritic extensions regardless of the myosin activity. Silencing the dynamitin also showed profound inhibition of myosin independent cell migration in 2D planar surface but not decrease the dendritic extensions in 3D matrices.
Conclusions: We clearly showed that the cytoplasmic dynein played an essential role in the cell migration when myosin activity was decreased. The results may help to understand how mesenchymal cells movement could be regulated in the low tension mechanical environments such as 3D matrices.
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KEYWORD
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Cell migration, Dynein, Dynamitin, Microtubule, Soft collagen matrix
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